Security Issues Of The Arab Spring Movement - 2310 Words

Security Issues in Syria This essay will examine how festering and fermenting animosity between Sunni and Shia factions in the region embroils issues of food security and human security with the security issues found in conflict generally. Security is a looking-glass that puts different things as priorities for whomever in question is looking. The security concerns of Bashar al-Assad are different to those of the Free Syrian Army, Jabhat al-Nusra or the Islamic State. While these actors- and there are more than just those three- are actively engaged in conflict with fiscal and military support from NATO, Saudi Arabia, Iran and Russia security issues will blossom for civilians in the region and globally. There is a long and complex history†¦show more content†¦The Alawite Assad family has based its power for more than four decades on the solid loyalty of its religious bloc in a loose alliance with Christians, Druze, and, sometimes, one or more of the other smaller, ethnic groups. A prominent feature of the 2011–12 rebellion is a largely Sunni Arab bid to overthrow that â€Å"coalition of minorities† regime. (Carpenter, 2013: 1-2) One cannot talk about Syria without talking about the region as a whole. Since the end of the Cold War three Western led ground operations in the Middle East have been added massive strain to societies still recovering from centuries of colonialism and the authoritarian regimes that followed the colonial era. Western interference and intervention did not cease with the independence of nation-states in the region as the numerous wars and propping up of authoritarian regimes since 1945 can attest to. The establishment of the Israeli state following World War Two has caused multiple conflicts in the region, as have longstanding animosity between Iran and Arab nations and the Iran-Iraq war. Resource Wars and Post-Colonialism Resource wars are violent conflicts fought over vital materials, the Middle East region contains some of the largest producers of petroleum and natural gas, the market for these resources however is global. As energy security forms a core part of the national

Essay about Traditional vs. Modern Architecture in China

Question: Traditional culture in architecture is being eroded by modernity of the present architecture in China. Analyze the causes and effects of this problem and possible solutions. In China, urbanization is at dramatic pace but in static patterns. This leads to the Chinese cities losing their own styles, and being built in the static architecture modes which are introduced from developed countries. Moreover, the traditional architecture cultures are being eroded by the static modern architecture patterns. Some of them are even on the boundary of extinction. Recently, architects in China have shown an increasing interest in the issue of traditional architecture in the modern era. This paper studies on the causes and effects of the†¦show more content†¦Although there are many success works, the â€Å"modern temperament† is indeed threatening the status of traditional architecture. In fact, cities in China are constructed rapidly yet monotonously. The development of modern architecture design in China cannot match with the splitting urbanization. In the major cities of China, there is almost no difference and few characters of architecture in Chinese cities. (there are almost no differences between the architectures and only a few of them have characters) The reason of this phenomenon is that in the present architecture in China, the traditional culture is confronted with an all-out threat of modernityï ¼Å'and is being eroded slowly. For example, a large-scale commercial pedestrian street called Luoma Market was planned to be constructed in a historical and cultural relic of the ancient site near the Bell Tower in Xi’an (a historical city on the northwest of China) (a historical city located in the northwestern of China). Due to the investors’ one-sided pursuit of modernization and ignorance of the local area history and culture, after 6 years of construction, the urban context was cut off by the pedestrian street. Because of this, as a local newspaper in Xi’an reported in 2007(according to the Xi’an local newspaper that was reported in 2007), the Luoma Market, which was full of modern emporiums and hotels, is just like an incongruousShow MoreRelatedContexts of Metropolis and 19841295 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War I Germany had to pay off large amounts of reparations money and debt as a result of its defeat in WWI Workers suffered as the ones who had to labour hard to keep Germany from falling while the rich were hedonist Social crisis- Kaiser and traditional authority rejected, democracy seen as way forward but only experimented with rather than fully integrated Opposing views: capitalism and communism Rise of Soviet Russia and its Influence on Germany Geographical proximity to Germany- socialist revolutionRead MoreEssay on Chinese Culture vs. Western and American Culture3118 Words   |  13 Pages Chinese Culture vs. Western and American Culture There are many different aspects on Ancient Chinese culture that differ from Western and American culture. 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Marriage and Divorce free essay sample

Marriage is an institution under siege today, and only a return to the biblical foundation of these God-given institutions will reverse the decline of marriage and the family in our culture today. With this in mind, we must first look at Gen. 2:18, 21-24. â€Å"The Lord God said; it is not good for the man to be alone. I will make a helper suitable for him and while he was sleeping, he took one of the mans ribs and closed up the place with flesh. Then the Lord God made a woman from the rib he had taken out of the man, and he brought her to the man. The man said, this is now bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; she shall be called woman, for she was taken out of man. For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and they will become one flesh†. We will write a custom essay sample on Marriage and Divorce or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It could be said that we are seeing the first wedding. We can conclude from this account in Genesis that marriage is Gods idea, designed and instituted by the Creator. In these verses we also discover that at the heart of Gods design for marriage is companionship and intimacy, making it a lifetime covenant between mankind and God, never to be severed by human action. There are several epistles written by the Apostle Paul that refer to marriage and how believers are to operate within the marriage relationship. The following are especially profound in reference to a successful biblical marriage. â€Å"Wives, submit to your husbands as to the Lord for the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, his body, of which he is the Savior† (Ephesians 5:22-23). â€Å"Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her† (Ephesians 5:25). â€Å"In this same way, husbands ought to love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself, after all, no one ever hated his own body, but he feeds and cares for it, just as Christ does the church† (Ephesians 5:28-29). â€Å"For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh† (Ephesians 5:31). As we can see, a biblically based marriage is one that is in balance, with Christ as the head of the man and the wife together. In the pre-Mosaic period, divorce was common among the heathen nations. A man could divorce his spouse for any reason simply by telling her before witnesses, â€Å"You are no longer my wife†. The practice of easy divorce became common among the Hebrews, encouraged by the absence of regulations restricting it. In His comments on divorce, Jesus explained that divorce represents a change in God’s order because, â€Å"from the beginning it was not so† (Matt 19:8). He further observed that it was because of the â€Å"hardness† of human heart that Moses â€Å"allowed† divorce (Matt 19:8). I have found that in extreme cases, there are a couple of grounds for divorce. When adultery has taken place and that Apostle Paul added to the teachings of Jesus what is called the â€Å"Pauline privilege†. According to this concept, Paul taught that if an unbelieving spouse leaves a believer, the believer is not bound to the marriage relationship, but is free to remarry (1 Corinthians 7:15). Some people believe that such a reason could cover the brutalization of one spouse by the other, making it impossible to live with them any longer. They believe the situation is the equivalent of desertion, and divorce is permissible. I could not find incompatibility, lack of love, or differing career goals as grounds for divorce. _____________________ (1)http://www. thewordout. net/pages/page. asp? page_id=74725 An important factor contributing to the alarming escalation of divorce among Christians is the growing acceptance of the societal view of marriage as a social contract, governed by civil laws, rather than as a sacred covenant, witnessed and guaranteed by God Himself. Instead of promising each other faithfulness till death do us part, many couples are adopting the modern version of the marriage vow, by pledging to remain together â€Å"as long as we both shall love†. The recent â€Å"no fault† divorce law makes the dissolution of marriage so easy that some lawyers advertise divorce services for less than $100. 00, â€Å"All legal fees and services included in one low price†. What a sad commentary on the cheapness of marriage today! What God has united, many will put asunder for less than the price of a good pair of shoes. We must always remember, â€Å"Whosoever finds a wife finds a good thing, and obtains favor of the LORD (Proverbs 18: 22).

Social Commentary in Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre Essay Example

Social Commentary in Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre Essay Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre has now attained an iconic status as a literary work. There are several reasons behind this achievement. The first is the inherent beauty and complexity of the novel. The twists, turns and fluctuations of fortune that comprise the plot are both original and engaging. The second most notable aspect of the novel is its authorship by a woman. Although originally published under a male pseudonym, it is evident to the scrupulous reader that the work is by a woman, as it contains numerous insights into female psychology. Finally, the novel is at once incisive and critical of the then existing social norms and customs, which were largely unfair to women and the underprivileged. Hence, Jane Eyre is a rich source of information on English society of early 19th century. It was an era when the industrial revolution was taking shape and having far-reaching impact on economic, social and cultural life. Bronte’s classic novel captures well a society caught in this transition. We can see how, despite fundamental changes to the organization of economic activity, social hierarchies (both within and outside the family) were holding on to status quo. Reading Jane Eyre in this backdrop offers the reader interesting perspectives on sociological issues facing the England of early 19th century. Jane Eyre belongs to the ‘bildungsroman’ (coming of age) literary genre, in that the story starts at Ms. Eyre’s youth and narrates her development and maturity into adulthood. The growth of Jane is physical, mental and spiritual. And it is this rounded development that is the key attraction in the novel. Otherwise, it might have easily turned out into a run-of-the-mill pulp romance fiction with no lasting value. One of the main issues that Jane Eyre is concerned with is gender relations. Recognized today as a pivotal feminist text, there are several symbolic as well as concrete forays into women’s issues. One of the most striking of these symbolisms is ‘the madwoman in the attic’, describing Mr. Rochester’s first wife who is mentally ill. It is through depictions of such social situations that the emancipative narrative strategies of the work come to light, whereby, the author both conceals and reveals social and psychological truth s about women’s lives. For example, â€Å"their anger at being treated as sexual objects in the marriage market, and, paradoxically, their overwhelming desire to love and be loved by men with whom they can never be equal.† (Griesinger, 2008, p.30) We will write a custom essay sample on Social Commentary in Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Commentary in Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Commentary in Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The case of the madwoman is a socio-literary strategy employed by other female authors of the time as well. This way, they were hinting at deeper meanings beneath surface designs that conceal or obscure such interpretations. Like Bronte’s madwoman, â€Å"these inaccessible meanings are locked up, as it were, in the â€Å"attic† of the text.† (Griesinger, 2008, p.30) It is for this rich social commentary that Jane Eyre continues to be studied by women in contemporary era. For example, the novel excels in its treatment of women’s issues, including women’s education, the plight of the governess, and equality in marriage. It should be remembered though, that while subtle feminist messages in the novel are lauded, there are more critical interpretations that question Bronte’s implicit acceptance of racism and imperialism, which are actually subversive to the feminist cause. Another interesting facet to Jane Eyre is its comment on spirituality and Christianity. Like many contemporary writers of hers, the salvation of the soul is one of the preoccupations of Bronte’s works. Her views on the subject varied from that of novelists like Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy and George Eliot, in that, she was not overtly critical of religious faith in general and the Christian doctrine in particular. During the Victorian era, evangelical Christianity was becoming an accepted form of religious propaganda. Based on what we can glean from Jane Eyre, it is clear that she was swayed by the evangelical movement to an extent. The Victorian era was a time when complex tensions existed â€Å"between Evangelical, Calvinist, and Methodist theologies that swept through and ultimately divided the established Church of England which Bronte loved†¦Gallagher is the first to identify Jane Eyre as a â€Å"Christian feminist bildungsroman†. Published in 1847 when Bronte was thirty-one, Jane Eyre is at least partly autobiographical, which opens the possibility for considering how Jane’s spiritual bildung, especially in the early sections of the novel, may reflect that of Charlotte Bronte. The influence of religion on Bronte is both obvious and obscure. It is obvious that much of what she saw, heard and read was concerned with religion. It is not obvious how she originally reacted to the variety of religious beliefs she encountered.† (Griesinger, 2008, p.31) Another factor that adds complexity to Jane Eyre is Bronte’s mixing of genres in the work. This lends the novel to sociological study from various disciplinary perspectives. One can witness an overwhelming ideological dialectic that seems to close down toward the novel’s end to an â€Å"apparently thin monological stream. Bronte’ tremendous displacement of the domestic values toward the tragic and mythical, though it falls short of ultimate achievement, gives her work a margin of superiority over that of other Victorian novelists.† (Peters, 1996, p.59) This assessment is best exemplified in the final passages of the work, where the independent and bold Jane Eyre settles down to a life in dedication of Mr. Rochester. Is this a resignation to entrenched social norms or irrational dictates of romantic love? Further, â€Å"Has Bronte failed to extricate her vision from the apparently downward-tending â€Å"domestic† to achieve the â€Å"tragic and mythical† and therefore failed to fulfil the vision she seemed to offer women? Or is it perhaps that Bronte is raising the domestic to the level of the mythical? An examination of Bronte’s use of the Cinderella tale in Jane Eyre points to the latter conclusion: Jane Eyre fuses the domestic to the mythical.† (Clarke, 2000, p. 695)